鑄鐵平臺(tái)平面度檢測(cè)方法

時(shí)間：2016/1/6 8:41:34 瀏覽量：375 1、圖解法：所謂圖解法是一種幾何作圖求解法。它是以鑄鐵平臺(tái)各測(cè)點(diǎn)的測(cè)量值按比例在進(jìn)角坐標(biāo)系上描點(diǎn)，用作圖方式從坐標(biāo)圖上量取鑄鐵平臺(tái)平面度偏差值。它有簡(jiǎn)單、直觀的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，但該法需用坐標(biāo)紙準(zhǔn)確作圖，且有作圖誤差，適合現(xiàn)場(chǎng)使用。
2、旋轉(zhuǎn)法：旋轉(zhuǎn)法是將鑄鐵平臺(tái)基面經(jīng)過(guò)適當(dāng)變換（旋轉(zhuǎn)或平移），使測(cè)量基面和評(píng)定基面重合，獲得符合最小條件的位置，通過(guò)測(cè)量數(shù)據(jù)的交換獲取鑄鐵平臺(tái)平面度誤差。該法不需使用繪圖或計(jì)算工具，有簡(jiǎn)便易行的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，具體操作時(shí)常需做多次旋轉(zhuǎn)，對(duì)不熟練者效率不高。但該法是最基本的方法，只要掌握旋轉(zhuǎn)要領(lǐng)，最終必能達(dá)到目的。

3、節(jié)距法：節(jié)距法是使用橋板對(duì)被測(cè)面進(jìn)行分段，由儀器讀取各段前后兩點(diǎn)測(cè)量線相對(duì)于標(biāo)準(zhǔn)直錢(qián)的傾斜角或高度差值，通過(guò)數(shù)據(jù)處理得到鑄鐵平臺(tái)直線度、平面度誤差值的一種間接測(cè)量方法。節(jié)距法又稱角差法，其測(cè)量原理是把被測(cè)截線分成等距的若干擋，用水平儀或自準(zhǔn)直儀，分別測(cè)出各擋相對(duì)于測(cè)量基準(zhǔn)的傾斜角按1〞=0。005/1000化成弧度，乘以橋板跨距，就反映了橋板兩支點(diǎn)之間相對(duì)于測(cè)量基準(zhǔn)的高度差。

Introduction of flatness testing method for cast iron platform

1. Graphic method: The so-called graphic method is a geometric drawing method. It draws points on the angular coordinate system in proportion to the measured values of each measuring point of the cast iron platform. It is used to measure the flatness deviation of the cast iron platform from the coordinate map. It has the advantages of simplicity and intuition, but this method needs coordinate paper to draw accurately and has drawing error, so it is suitable for field use.

2. Rotation method: Rotation method is to transform the base surface of cast iron platform properly (rotation or translation), so that the measured base surface coincides with the evaluated base surface, and obtain the position that meets the minimum conditions. The flatness error of cast iron platform is obtained by exchanging the measured data. This method does not need to use drawing or calculating tools. It has the advantages of simplicity and practicability. It often needs to be rotated many times in specific operation, and is inefficient for the unskilled. But this method is the most basic method, as long as we master the main points of rotation, we will eventually achieve the goal.

3. Pitch method: Pitch method is an indirect method of measuring straightness and flatness error of cast iron platform by using bridge plate to segment the measured surface, reading the tilt angle or height difference between the front and back measuring lines of each section relative to the standard straight money by the instrument, and obtaining the straightness and flatness error value of cast iron platform through data processing. The pitch method is also called angle difference method. Its measuring principle is to divide the measured intercept line into several equal-distance blocks. The inclination angle of each block relative to the measuring datum is measured by a level or an autocollimator according to 1"=0 respectively. 005/1000 turns into an arc, multiplied by the span of the bridge slab, which reflects the height difference between the two fulcrums of the bridge slab and the measuring datum.

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